COORDINATE CONJUNCTIONS AND PARARELL CONTRUCTIONS

 COORDINATE  CONJUNCTION

            These conjunctions join equal sentence parts. We have seen that compound subjects and predicates are joined together by these words. They are actually used to join any parallel elements of the sentence .

Example :

1.      Music and matemathics are related subject . (two subject)

2.      He is poor but honest. ( two adjective )

3.      Did you look in the dictionary or the encyclopedia? ( two subjects of a preposition)

4.      Did you look in the dictionary or the encyclopedia ( two prepositional subject )

5.      The victorious party sang and danced in the streets ( two predicates)

These conjunction are also used to join whole sentences together . there are seven coordinate conjunctions = and, or, not, but, for,so,yet.

Notice that they have distinct meaning=

* and shows augmentation.

   Example: - my brother moved to New York , and I moved to Japan.

                   - Dolphins are friendly animals, and they are also intelligient.

* But and yet shows contrast. Yet is sometimes considered a conjunctive adverb like      however ,rather than a coordinate conjunction.

 Example: - her cousin moved away, but she stayed in twon.

                 - Michelle is a vegetation, yet she eats chicken.

                 - Yugal earns a good salary, yet he never seems to have any money.

Or and Nor show contrast or alternation.

Example: - are you going to the party, or will you stay home?

                - I do not write Arabic, nor do I speak it well.

For and So show reason.

Example: - that student failed, for he was veryill this year.

                - the books were cheap, so I bought all of them.

Notice that after nor the subject pattern takes questions word order : the verb or auxiliary before the subject.

Example : I am not eager to there, nor is erik.

                 - I am not eager to there , nor will erik be.

When a coordinate conjunctions join two sentences , the conjunction is normally preceded by a comma.

Example: - pedro lives in mexico city, and maria in hollyword

                - pedro is single , but angel has a wife and two children.

Sentences joined by coordinate conjunctions may or may not be of the same basic pattern , as canbe seen by examining the preceding sentences.

PARARELL CONTRUCTIONS

            Parallel construction means using the same pattern of words to show that two or more ideas have the same level of importance. This can happen at the word, phrase, or clause level. The usual way to join parallel construction is with the use of coordinating conjunctions such as "and" or "or."

Words and Phrases

With the -ing form (gerund) of words:

Parallel:

Mary likes hiking, swimming, and bicycling.

With infinitive phrases:

Parallel:

Mary likes to hike, to swim, and to ride a bicycle.
OR
Mary likes to hike, swim, and ride a bicycle.