PHRASE, CLAUSE AND SENTENCE

SENTENCES , PHRASE AND CLAUSES

     SENTENCES

     Sentences is a grup of word whichhas at least one subject and predicat.

     Example: - I speak English everyday

                        The Elements of sentences

A.    Subject : is a word or a grup of words which has related with sentence.

Example: andi speak English everyday.

* subject à simple subject :  - noun = the bird is flying, pronoun = she brings a book, adjective used as a noun, infinitive used as noun, participle =smoking is not good for health.

à A compound subject : - the new white car is mine. – the magazine ins on the table.

B.   Predicate :  is a word which used to explaningn the condition of subject.

* predicate à verbal : - I walk in the morning. ,- does she sing a Korean song ?

à non verbal : - I am a students( noun), - she is a beautiful ( adjective ). – my pen in on the table ( preposition), - my father is here ( adverb)

C.   Object  : is noun pronoun as the goal of predicate.

*Object à direct object : - they welcomed him. , à indirect object :- she sends a letter to me. I sing a song for you ,, He speaks English to you.

D.  Complement :  is a word has used for somplementing the meaning of verb on sentence.

*Complement à subjective complement is a word which is used to complementing subject on sentence.

*objective complemen is a word which is used to complementing object on one sentence.

E.  Adjunct( ket tambahan)

      Example: I always speak English everyday. , - We talked face to face

1.         The kinds of sentence ( macam- macam kalimat) according the shape of predicate , sentence can be share into two items.

*sentence à verbal sentence ( kalimat yang predikatnya berasal dari kata kerja ): - I writes a letter every night

* non verbal sentence ànominal sentence : - you are student,    - I am Diki

                                    àadjective sentence : - They are handsome

* declarative sentence à positive sentence :- I read a book.

                                     à negative sentence : - I am not a writer.

* interrogative sentence : à positive question :- Are you a students?

                                         à negative questions : - Isn’t she going to school?

                                          à informationquestions : - Who opened the door?, - What did you buy

                                                                                     On Alfamart.?

                                         àembedded Questions : - /I don’t know where he stays.

*Imperrative sentence ( kalimat perintah): - Please help me!,- Open the door,! sit down please !,etc.,

*exclamations sentence ( kalimat sifat) : - what beautiful hair !!, How fast he work ! ,

II. PHRASES= is a grup of a word it’scontains of two ore more but didn’t has subject or predicate.

     Example: - the book on the table is mine. ,- the boys in the street are students.

The kinds of phrase :

 a.- noun phrase = is a phrase comes from mount as subject or object,

       example: the beautiful girl over there is my sister,

b. – verb phrase is a phrase contains of auxiliary verb and verb.

       Example: she wiil speak English. – I have eaten nice last night.

c. – adjective phrase

        example: - the book with read cover is yours. – the girl with long hair is my wife.

d. – adverb phrase.

        Example : He runs very slowly, - they sleep in the bedroom

Phrase( introductory words or pivot word)=

a.    Prestional phrase = - I speak English with an American style..,,- Thr book is good for educations

b.   Participal phrase= - Having no money , I will not to go with you to the shop.

c.    Infinitive = - To questions a teacher is to learn from him..-

d.   Gerunds phrase = - Her favourite sport is swimming  in the pool.

           III. CLAUSES is a grup of word which contains of subject or predicte( verb, adjective, noun,etc)

           Clausesà main clauses = - I read a magazine.

             à subordinate clauses = - I will come if you go.

           The kinds of clauses = - noun clauses, adjective clauses, adverb clauses

           Adverb clauses ( kata yang berfungsi sbgai keterangan dan dapat diletakan sebagai

a.                   Initial position(rumus) conjunctions+S+Verb+O+S+V+O . example:= -After I finished my work , I come here ,

b.                  Middle position( rumus) S<conjunctions+S+V+O+V. example= - War, When it is happened for a long time, can destroy the morale of a country.

c.                   Finale position( rumus) S+V+O,Conjunstion+S+O+V. example= - Rino didn’t  come to your party because he was very busy.